Author: Grace

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The Impact of PCB Vias on Signal Transmission
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 3, 2025
Abstract Printed Circuit Board (PCB) vias are essential interconnects that enable routing between different layers in multilayer boards. While indispensable for modern high-density PCB designs, vias introduce various effects that can significantly impact signal integrity. This paper examines the electrical characteristics of vias, their influence on signal transmission, and methods to mitigate adverse effects. Key…
Read More The Impact of PCB Vias on Signal Transmission
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The Differences Between PCB Immersion Gold (ENIG) and Gold Plating (Electroplating)
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 3, 2025
Introduction Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are essential components in modern electronics, providing the foundation for electrical connections between components. Among the various surface finishes available for PCBs, gold-based finishes are particularly important for their excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance, and reliability. The two primary gold-based surface finishes used in PCB manufacturing are Immersion Gold (also known…
Read More The Differences Between PCB Immersion Gold (ENIG) and Gold Plating (Electroplating)
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PCB Via Plugging Solutions: A Comprehensive Guide
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 3, 2025
Introduction Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are essential components in modern electronics, enabling the interconnection of various electronic parts. Vias—small holes drilled into PCBs—play a crucial role in establishing electrical connections between different layers. However, via clogging (or via plugging) is a common issue that can lead to manufacturing defects, poor solderability, and reduced reliability. This…
Read More PCB Via Plugging Solutions: A Comprehensive Guide
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Live Circuit Testing in PCB Repair: Techniques and Best Practices
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 3, 2025
Introduction Printed Circuit Board (PCB) repair is a critical skill in electronics maintenance, ensuring the longevity and functionality of electronic devices. One of the most effective methods for diagnosing faults in PCBs is live circuit testing, also known as hot testing or powered-on testing. Unlike traditional offline testing methods (where the PCB is disconnected from…
Read More Live Circuit Testing in PCB Repair: Techniques and Best Practices
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Balanced PCB Stackup Design Methodology
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 3, 2025
Introduction Printed Circuit Board (PCB) stackup design is a critical factor in determining the performance, reliability, and manufacturability of modern electronic systems. As signal speeds continue to increase and form factors shrink, implementing a balanced stackup has become essential for achieving optimal electrical performance while maintaining mechanical stability. This paper explores the methodology for creating…
Read More Balanced PCB Stackup Design Methodology
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PCB Manual Layout Considerations: Best Practices and Key Points
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 3, 2025
Introduction Printed Circuit Board (PCB) layout is a critical step in electronic design, determining the performance, reliability, and manufacturability of the final product. While automated tools like autorouters can assist in PCB design, manual layout remains essential for high-speed, high-frequency, and complex designs. A well-executed manual layout ensures signal integrity, reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI), and…
Read More PCB Manual Layout Considerations: Best Practices and Key Points
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Testing Methods and Standards for FPC Flexible Printed Circuit Boards
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 3, 2025
1. Introduction Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC) boards are widely used in modern electronics due to their lightweight, thin profile, and ability to bend and fold. They are essential in applications such as smartphones, wearable devices, medical equipment, and automotive electronics. However, the flexibility of FPCs introduces unique challenges in testing and quality assurance. This article…
Read More Testing Methods and Standards for FPC Flexible Printed Circuit Boards
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How to Set Solder Mask Over Vias in Various PCB Design Software
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 3, 2025
Introduction Solder mask over vias (commonly referred to as “via tenting” or “via capping”) is a crucial PCB manufacturing consideration that affects both the aesthetics and functionality of printed circuit boards. This process involves covering vias with solder mask to protect them from environmental factors, prevent solder wicking during assembly, and improve surface planarity for…
Read More How to Set Solder Mask Over Vias in Various PCB Design Software
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Reflection Analysis and Simulation in High-Speed PCB Designs
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 4, 2025
Abstract With the increasing demand for high-speed digital circuits, signal integrity (SI) has become a critical factor in printed circuit board (PCB) design. One of the major challenges in high-speed designs is signal reflection, which can lead to data corruption, timing errors, and reduced system performance. This paper explores the causes of signal reflections in…
Read More Reflection Analysis and Simulation in High-Speed PCB Designs
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Troubleshooting Common Errors When Exporting EMN Files from Allegro PCB
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 4, 2025
Introduction Allegro PCB Designer is one of the most widely used electronic design automation (EDA) tools for printed circuit board (PCB) design. A critical function in the PCB design workflow is the ability to export board files to various formats for mechanical collaboration, thermal analysis, and electromagnetic simulations. One such format is the EMN (Electro-Mechanical…
Read More Troubleshooting Common Errors When Exporting EMN Files from Allegro PCB
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How to Output PCB Production Files: A Comprehensive Guide
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 4, 2025
Introduction to PCB Production Files Printed Circuit Board (PCB) manufacturing requires precise documentation to ensure accurate fabrication of your design. The process of outputting PCB production files is a critical step that bridges your design work with physical board production. These files contain all the necessary information that PCB manufacturers need to transform your electronic…
Read More How to Output PCB Production Files: A Comprehensive Guide
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Methods to Eliminate Crosstalk in PCB Design
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 4, 2025
Abstract Crosstalk is a common issue in high-speed printed circuit board (PCB) designs, where unwanted electromagnetic coupling between adjacent signal traces degrades signal integrity. This paper explores various techniques to minimize crosstalk in PCB layouts, including proper trace spacing, grounding strategies, differential signaling, and impedance control. By implementing these methods, designers can enhance signal quality,…
Read More Methods to Eliminate Crosstalk in PCB Design
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PCB Circuit Board Short Circuit Inspection and Prevention
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 4, 2025
Introduction Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are the backbone of modern electronic devices, providing the necessary electrical connections between components. However, one of the most common and critical issues in PCB manufacturing and operation is short circuits. A short circuit occurs when an unintended low-resistance connection forms between two or more conductive paths, leading to excessive…
Read More PCB Circuit Board Short Circuit Inspection and Prevention
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Causes of Blistering on PCB Surface: A Comprehensive Analysis
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 4, 2025
Introduction Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are essential components in modern electronics, providing mechanical support and electrical connections for various components. However, during manufacturing or operation, PCBs may develop defects, one of which is blistering (also known as delamination or bubbling). Blistering refers to the formation of raised areas or bubbles on the PCB surface, which…
Read More Causes of Blistering on PCB Surface: A Comprehensive Analysis
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Reflections on Learning PCB Design from Scratch
ByGrace June 5, 2025June 4, 2025
Introduction Learning Printed Circuit Board (PCB) design from scratch is a challenging yet rewarding journey. As someone who started with no prior experience in electronics or design software, the process was filled with both frustration and excitement. Over time, I discovered that PCB design is not just about connecting components but also involves understanding electronics,…
Read More Reflections on Learning PCB Design from Scratch

Author: Grace

The Impact of PCB Vias on Signal Transmission

The Differences Between PCB Immersion Gold (ENIG) and Gold Plating (Electroplating)

PCB Via Plugging Solutions: A Comprehensive Guide

Live Circuit Testing in PCB Repair: Techniques and Best Practices

Balanced PCB Stackup Design Methodology

PCB Manual Layout Considerations: Best Practices and Key Points

Testing Methods and Standards for FPC Flexible Printed Circuit Boards

How to Set Solder Mask Over Vias in Various PCB Design Software

Reflection Analysis and Simulation in High-Speed PCB Designs

Troubleshooting Common Errors When Exporting EMN Files from Allegro PCB

How to Output PCB Production Files: A Comprehensive Guide

Methods to Eliminate Crosstalk in PCB Design

PCB Circuit Board Short Circuit Inspection and Prevention

Causes of Blistering on PCB Surface: A Comprehensive Analysis

Reflections on Learning PCB Design from Scratch

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