Failure Mechanisms Behind Poor Solder Melting Phenomena in PCBs
Abstract Poor solder melting (or “cold solder”) is a common defect in printed circuit board (PCB) assembly, leading to weak joints, intermittent connections, and eventual circuit failure. This paper explores the underlying failure mechanisms behind poor solder melting, including metallurgical factors, process-related issues, and environmental influences. By analyzing root causes such as oxidation, insufficient thermal…














