What are the uses of pull-up resistors and pull-down resistors? Resistors” target=”_blank”>Pull-up resistors and pull-down resistors are commonly used components in digital circuits.Their main function is to determine the level state of circuit nodes when there is no driver, and to improve the stability of the circuit.The following is It is a related introduction to…
Specifically formulated to have FR-4 matched dielectric constant (Dk),design transition to Kappa 438 laminates will be effortless. Theselaminates also exhibit low loss, tight Dk and thickness tolerancesneeded to meet the growing performance needs of the wirelessmarket traditionally served by higher end FR-4 materials. Demand forwireless data is growing exponentially, driving a need for substantiallyhigher levels…
IsoClad laminates are nonwoven fiberglass/PTFEcomposites for use as printed circuit boardsubstrates. The nonwoven reinforcement allowsthese laminates to be used more easily inapplications where the final circuit will be bent toshape. Conformal or “wrap-around” antennas area good example. IsoClad products use longer random fibers and aproprietary process to provide greater dimensionalstability and better dielectric constant uniformitythan competitive…
DiClad® laminates are woven fiberglass/PTFE composite materials for use as printedcircuit board substrates. Precise control of the fiberglass/PTFE ratio, DiClad laminatesoffer a range of choices from the lowest dielectric constant and dissipation factor to amore highly reinforced laminate with better dimensional stability. The woven fiberglass reinforcement in DiClad products provides greater dimensionalstability than nonwoven fiberglass…
The AD Series™ antenna materials from Rogers Corporation are highperformance, specialty materials that are specifically engineered andmanufactured to meet the demands of today’s wireless antenna markets.Rogers has the materials needed to meet these design needs both todayand into the future. The AD Series antenna products are glass-reinforced, PTFE based materialsthat provide controlled dielectric constant, low…
XtremeSpeed™ RO1200™ extremely low loss digital circuit materials are ceramic-filledlaminates reinforced with woven fiberglass. These materials are engineered to offerexceptional electrical performance and mechanical stability for the most demanding highspeed applications. XtremeSpeed RO1200 series laminates combine the surface smoothness of a non-wovenPTFE laminate, for finer line etching tolerances, with the rigidity of a woven-glass PTFElaminate….
TMM® thermoset microwave materials are ceramic, hydrocarbon, thermosetpolymer composites designed for high plated-thru-hole reliability striplineand microstrip applications. TMM laminates are available in a wide range ofdielectric constants and claddings.The electrical and mechanical properties of TMM laminates combine many ofthe benefits of both ceramic and traditional PTFE microwave circuit laminates,without requiring the specialized production techniques common…
TC600™ woven fiberglass reinforced, ceramic filled, PTFE-based compositefor use as a printed circuit board substrate is designed to provide enhancedheat-transfer through “Best-In-Class” thermal conductivity, while reducingdielectric loss and insertion loss. Lower losses result in higher Amplifier andAntenna Gains/Efficiencies. Mechanical robustness is also greatly improvedfor the 6.15 dielectric constant market. The increased thermal conductivity of TC600…
TC350™ Plus laminates are ceramic filled PTFE-based woven glass reinforcedcomposite materials providing a cost effective, high performance, thermallyenhanced material for the circuit designer. With a thermal conductivity of 1.24W/mK, this next generation PTFE-based laminate is ideally suited for higher powermicrowave and industrial heating applications requiring higher maximum operatingtemperatures, low circuit losses, and excellent thermal dissipation…
TC350™ fiberglass reinforced, ceramic-filled, PTFE-based composite for printedcircuit board substrates, offers outstanding thermal conductivity to enhanceheat transfer, thereby reducing dielectric and insertion loss. This leads tohigher gains and efficiencies in amplifiers and antennas. Its increased thermalconductivity handles higher power, reduces hot-spots, and boosts devicereliability. TC350 laminates are effective in designs with limited thermalmanagement, improving heat…
Rogers CU4000™ foil is intended for MLB designs using RO4000® cores and prepreg materials requiring foil bonded outer layers. CU4000 ED foil is a highperformance single side treated electrodeposited copper foil with increasedmechanical bonding area designed to provide high peel strength on RO4400™series prepregs. All CU4000 LoPro® foil is reverse treated electrodepositedcopper foil. This uses…
RO4835T™ laminates are 3.3 Dk low loss, spread glass reinforced, ceramicthermoset materials that were designed as inner-layers for use in multilayerboard designs, and to complement RO4835™ laminates when thinner cores areneeded. The world has seen the ongoing evolution of mobile networks, GSM, WCDMAand LTE that has enabled users to grow data consumption at amazing ratesand…
Thermoset laminate materials, including FR-4, are affected by oxidation overtime and temperature. This can slightly increase the dielectric constant anddissipation factor of the circuit substrate. The change rate and impact oncircuit performance vary based on design and operating temperature. Rogers’RO4835™ laminate, part of the RO4000® series, offers enhanced stability athigh temperatures and is more resistant…
RO4830™ thermoset laminates are well suited for price-sensitive millimeter waveapplications, such as 76-81 GHz automotive radar sensors, and are a reliable, lowercost alternative to conventional PTFE-based laminates. RO4830 laminates have aslightly higher dielectric constant of 3.2 at 77GHz, versus PTFE-woven glass laminates.LoPro® reverse treated copper foil cladding contributes to RO4830 laminates’ excellentinsertion loss at 77GHZ…
RO4700™ series antenna grade laminates are a reliable alternative to the conventional PTFEbased laminates. RO4725JXR™ and RO4730G3(TM) laminates have the mechanical and electrical properties thatantenna designers need. The laminates have a dielectric constant (Dk) of 2.55 and 3.0 and a losstangent (Df) of 0.0022 measured at 2.5 GHz when using LoPro® Reverse Treated EDC Foil….